Området hårrestaurering är en dynamisk specialitet som innebär avancerad teknik som gör det möjligt för kirurgen att uppnå en mer estetiskt tilltalande resultat. Håravfall har varit ett orolighets sak för människor sedan historiens gryning, framgår i ett recept för att återställa hår som ingick i 1500 B C. Ebers papyrus i det gamla Egypten.
Framgången för den moderna hårtransplantation beror på ett fenomen som först beskrevs 1957 av Orentreich som donator dominans. Med detta fenomen, hår tas från den permanenta håret bärande kant Patienter med androgen alopeci (donator området) och Överfört till icke-hår-bärande områden i hårbotten (mottagarens område), fortsätter att växa i sin nya plats.
1804
Baromio hårtransplantationer på olika områder på håriga djur
1822
J. Dieffenbach utför autotransplantation av håret i huden
1939
Okuda använder 2- 4 mm punch transplantat för restaurering av alopeci
1943
Tamura enda hår ympkvistar genom injektion implantat för restaurering av huden överliggande venus pubis i den kvinnliga
1959
Orentreich använder auto hår bärande transplantat för korrigering av manligt håravfall
1980’talet
Limmer använder mikroskop för att skapa små 1 till 5 hår ympkvistar nål in i slitsar.
1992
Uebel utför excision av en linjär givare remsa
1994
Unger skapar begränsningar av givarstället genom avgränsar vena saphena skörd givarområde
1995
Woods skördar enskilda follikulära enheter som använder rundst stansar (1 mm) meden acceptabel estetiskt utseende och låg transection hastighet
1997
Bernstein och Rassman beskriver sin teknik är hårsäcksgrupper transplantation,bidragande termen "hårsäcksgrupper" nomenklatur
2002
Rassman och Bernstein FUE beskriva som en kirurgisk teknik i medicinsk litteratur
Varierar mellan olika etniska grupper och single hårsäckar mellan individer. Den har två separata strukturer: follikeln inbäddad i huden och hårstrået som är synligt på kroppsytan. Dessutom finns det olika hårtyper.
Majoriteten av hårstråna ur hårbotten samt enstaka-4 hår grupperingar. De grupperingar är de synliga ytliga delen av hårsäcksgrupper (FU) och består i allmänhet av 03:59 terminal hårsäckar och en vellus follikelstimulerande.
Hårets riktning skiljer enligt den till den del av hårbotten där den växer. Både inriktning och vinkeln på snitt och den måste skräddarsys för att vara konsekvent med riktningen av hårbotten hår i ett visst område.
Hårsäcken är en dynamisk organ vars verksamhet kräver den cykliska förnyelsen och monteringen av icke-permanenta delar av hårsäcken under varje livscykel.
Normalt mängd av nya hårbotten av hårets bildning är lika med beloppet som har blivit utgjutet, och därför upprätthålls en konsekvent täcker.
Livscykeln av hårsäcken genomgår tre huvudfaser: en aktiv tillväxt (anagen) fasen: en regressions (Catagnu) och en vilande fas (telogen) fas. Nyligen har två ytterligare steg i den follikulära livscykeln identifierats: frigörfasen (exogen) och släpa tidsfasen (kenogen). Dessutom är det den typen av follikeln och dess fysiska plats som bestäms längden på var och en av den follikulära fasen skall vara.
Sjukdomar som orsakar håravfall är kategoriserade efter två viktiga faktorer: spridning eller lokalisering av håravfall och förekomsten av ett oskadat follikeln eller dess förstörelse och ersättning med ett ärr. Generella faktorer av håravfall området är omedelbar inflammation, genetik, miljö och hormoner.
Håravfall har tre viktiga anledningar som involverar hårsäcken densitet, hårsäcken storlek och hårtillväxtcykeln varaktighet
Paradoxalt androgener har olika effekter på mänskliga hårsäckar på dem betingade på plats på kroppen. Testosteron är det huvudsakliga cirkulerande androgen i män som när den är reducerad till dihydrotestosteron (DHT) av en 5α-reduktasenzymet, binder till androgenreceptorn som är. I hårsäckar, 5a-reduktas, androgenreceptorer (AR) och AR samaktivatorer kan reglera androgenkänslighet. Av skalpen är 5α-reduktas och androgena receptorer ökat.
AGA, även känd som MPHL, är den vanligaste orsaken till håravfall och drabbar upp till 70% av män i mitten av vuxenlivet. MPHL sker i närvaro av androgener av genetiskt känsliga individer. Nyligen Ökade nivåer av prostaglandin D2 i hårsäckarna har varit en av de stora föreslagna orsaker till MPHL.
Den kännetecknar follikulär miniatyrisering av MPHL varvid varaktighet aktiva tillväxtfasen minskar 2-6 år till ett par månader, och vilande stadiet är relativt ängs. Nya generationer av håret blir därmed kortare, finare och ljusare i färgen och vanligtvis mindre att dölja hårbotten. Övergången kan ske gradvis eller kan komma i vågor; Men kursen och omfattning MPHL är oförutsägbara.
I den manliga sidan börjar mönster med bi-temporal recession generellt här, samt genom vertex skallighet och mid-frontal håravfall, tillåter lagring av terminal hårsäckar i hårbotten occipital regionen. Det mest använda till grad MPHL system är Hamilton-Norwood Scale.
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